Improvement in drills for drilling metal



n. L. TUPPAN.

Drill for Drilling Metal.

N0. 163,342. Patented Ma\yi8,l875` THE GRAPHIC C0.PHOT0.-L`ITH.39&41 PARK PLACEJLY.

DANIEL L. TOPPAN, OF SOMERVILLE, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF, DAVID O.

MELOON, AND HOPKINS H. MELOON, OF EAST CAMBRIDGE, AND GARD- NER B. OHAPIN, OF MEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN DRILLS FOR DRILLING METAL.

Specication forming part of Letters Patent No. 163,342, dated May 1S, 1875 application filed April 1, 1875.

To all whom it may concern:

lBe it known that l, DANIEL L. TOPPAN, of Somerville, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Ratchet-Drills, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved drill. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse section, enlarged, on the line x x of Fig. 2.

In ratchet-drills as ordinarily constructed two movements of the lever, one back and the other forward, are required to produce a partial revolution of the drill-spindle, which remains stationary while the lever is being moved back to take a fresh hold furthermore, as the lever is operated in a plane at right angles to that of the axis of the spindle, it is impossible to employ the drill in many places, owing to the want of space in which to work the lever.

My invention has for its object to overcome these objections, and to produce a drill in which each movement of the lever will partially rotate the drill-spindle in one and the same direction, thus greatly increasing the efficiency of the tool and ei'ecting a great saving in time and labor.

'Io enable others skilled in the art to understand and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the manner in which I have carried itiout.

In the said drawings, A represents the drill shaft or spindle, which is provided atits lower end with a socket, c, to receive the drill, and at its upper end with a handle, B, within which it is free to turn,being held in place therein by a screw, b, the inner end of which enters an annular groove, c. G D are two bevel-gears, which tit over the smaller portion of the spindle A, the gear C resting on a washer, d, which tits up close against the shoulder e of the spindle, another washer, 5, being interposed between the gear D and the handle B; These gears O D both engage with a larger bevel-gear, E, supported on a stud projecting from a sleeve, f, which tits over the spindle and occupies all of the space between the gears C D, the spindle being free to turn within the sleeve. The interior of the aperture, through the'center ot each of the gears O D, is provided with ratchet-teeth g, Fig. 3, with which engage a pawl, h, consisting ol' a small piece of steel titted into a recess in the spindle and kept up in contact with the teeth by a spring, t', placed behind it. To the outside ot' the large gear E is secured a hand-lei ver, G, by means of which it is partially rotated, rst in one direction and then in the other, which causes the smaller gears O D to be partially rotated alternately in opposite direct-ions, each movement of the gear O or D in the direction of the arrow being imparted by the ratchet mechanism to the spindle A, and, consequently, each movement of the lever Gr up or down causes the drill-spindle to be rotated in one and the same direction, its motion being interrupted only at the instant when the direction of the motion of the lever is being reversed. The drill is thus caused to perform its work with great rapidity, and

much time and labor are thereby saved. Pro.

j ecting out at right angles from the spindle A is a handle, H, the bifurcations at the inner end of which are secured to short sleeves k l, which surround or fit over the sleeve'f, around which the handle can be turned to vary its position with respect to the lever Gr, after which the handle is secured by aset-screw, m. This handle H is used to steady the drill when employed on light work, and where the breast of the operator is placed against the large handle B to press the drill against the work. Vhere, however, large holes are to be drilled, the handle B is removed, and an ordinary clamp is employed having a screw-feed.

It will be seen that as the gear E is much larger than the gears C D. a very small movement ofthe lever will rotate the drill-spindle. The size of the gears may, however, be varied, as desired.

I do not confine myself to the construction of the ratchet mechanism shown, as any suitable ratchet or clutch mechanism which Will allow the gears C D to slip on the spindle when rotated in one direction and drive it when revolved in the opposite direction may be employed. As the lever G Works in a plane parallel With the axis of the spindle A, and is operated like the handle of a pump When the spindle is in a vertical position, the drill can be used in inaccessible places Where a want of space on either side of the spindle Would render it impossible to employ a drill of the ordinary construction having a lever operated in a plane at right angles to that of theraxis Yofthe spindle.Y My improved drill can loe used to advantage as a bit-brace by carriage-makers and other Wood-Workers to hold a bit or screwdriver, and is of simple construction and not liable to get out of order.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The adjustable handle H, in combination With the sleeve f, spindle A, lever G, and bevel-gears C D E, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

Witness my hand this 27th day of March, A. D. 1875.

DANIEL L. TOPPAN.

In presence of- P. E. TEscHEMAcHER, W. J. CAMBRIDGE. 

